In order to install a WordPress development environment on Docker, you'll need to install Docker and use docker-compose.
For setting up docker with SSL enabled you can check the wordpress-docker repository.
After adding those files, from your terminal, run the following command
docker-compose up -d
This will build a Docker container and image with the specified settings from the .yml file in the detached state.
For more information about setting up and using Docker with WordPress, click here.
You can see if the containers are running by typing
docker ps --all
You should see something like
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
353c53e7721b nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 8 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 0.0.0.0:8010->80/tcp wp-docker-nginx
8cf9f52c0540 wordpress:5.1.1-fpm "docker-entrypoint.s…" 9 seconds ago Up 7 seconds 80/tcp, 9000/tcp wp-docker-app
e1f1d0799b40 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 10 seconds ago Up 8 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33066->3306/tcp wp-docker-db
352d5f6f64a9 phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin "/run.sh supervisord…" 10 seconds ago Up 8 seconds 9000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8181->80/tcp wp-docker-phpmyadmin
Your project will be available on https://your.custom.url.test:8443.
Another way of using Docker is to use Dockerfile, which is especially useful when working on continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD). For instance, one such Dockerfile can look like this
# Stage 0, build app
FROM php:7.2-fpm as build-container
RUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php \
&& chmod +x composer.phar && mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y gnupg
RUN curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | bash - && \
apt-get install -yq nodejs build-essential \
git unzip \
libfreetype6-dev \
libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
libmcrypt-dev \
libpng-dev \
&& curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | bash - \
&& pecl install mcrypt-1.0.1 \
&& docker-php-ext-enable mcrypt \
&& docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/ --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/include/ \
&& docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd \
&& docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) mysqli
RUN npm install -g npm
WORKDIR /build
COPY . /build
RUN cp /build/wp-config.php.template /build/wp-config.php
RUN bash /build/scripts/build-plugins.sh
# Stage 1, build app container
FROM php:7.2-fpm
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
libfreetype6-dev \
libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
libmcrypt-dev \
libpng-dev \
unzip \
mysql-client \
&& docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/ --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/include/ \
&& docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd \
&& docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) iconv \
&& docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) mysqli \
&& docker-php-ext-install gd mysqli opcache zip
ADD https://downloads.wordpress.org/release/wordpress-4.9.8-no-content.zip /var/www/latest.zip
RUN cd /var/www && unzip latest.zip && rm latest.zip
RUN rm -rf /var/www/html
RUN mkdir -p /var/www/html/ \
&& mv /var/www/wordpress/* /var/www/html/
# Copy wp files
COPY --from=build-container /build/ /var/www/html/
RUN chown www-data:www-data /var/www/html/ -R
COPY config/php.ini /usr/local/etc/php/
WORKDIR /var/www/html/
CMD ["exec","php-fpm"]
This Dockerfile will first build a local container with PHP, composer, and node. At that stage, your theme/plugins can be built. It also contains the RUN bash bin/build-plugins.sh command. You can replace this with your installation script (be it for plugins or theme). You'll place composer and npm builds in that shell script.
After that, you'll build the WordPress container and copy the plugins built in the previous stage. You can modify this to your liking. Beside this, you'll probably need a Docker image for nginx. But we won't be going into too much detail about it.
If you named this file Dockerfile, you'll run
docker build -t yourtag .
In case you named it something like Dockerfile.php (if you need multiple stages and builds), you'll run
docker build -t yourtag -f Dockerfile.php .
The Dockerfiles should be located in the root of your project.
To go in the interactive shell of the built image, type
docker run -it CONTAINER_NAME bash
If that fails, you can try
docker run -d CONTAINER_NAME
docker exec -it CONTAINER_NAME bash
Running the docker run with -d means that you are detaching it, and you can check the logs created while building it.
Useful Docker commands
Here are some useful Docker commands you might use.
List all containers
docker ps -as
List all images
docker images
Stop all running containers
docker stop $(docker ps -aq)
Remove all containers
docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
Remove all images
docker rmi $(docker images -q)
Prune the system from unused images, containers, and networks documentation link
docker system prune
Docker notes
Depending on your project, the Docker compose or Dockerfile may differ. For more information, consult your friendly DevOps.